Glaucoma is characterized by the irreversible degeneration of the nerve fibers of the optic nerve, which is usually due to high intraocular pressure, due to a disturbance in the balance between the production and drainage of aqueous humor.

Most people with glaucoma do not have pain or early symptoms. However, without treatment, it can lead to irreversible blindness.

Important predisposing factors for the occurrence of glaucoma are heredity, myopia, cardiovascular diseases, medication, and eyeball injuries or trauma.